# Campi Flegrei: yellow, the second of four levels

> The Campi Flegrei sit at yellow alert, confirmed on November 4, 2025. Yellow is the second of four national levels and it has applied since 2012.

URL: https://myitalia.it/nature/campi-flegrei
Last updated: 2026-09-02

The Campi Flegrei are at yellow alert with the operational phase set to attention, fixed by decree on October 30, 2025 and confirmed by the Civil Protection Department on November 4, 2025.

## Yellow is a level, not a warning

The Italian national volcanic alert system has 4 levels, green, yellow, orange and red, where green is the volcano's ordinary activity and each step above it marks a growing disequilibrium towards a possible eruption.

Yellow at the Campi Flegrei means a medium disequilibrium and sits at the second step, with the operational phase set to attention, which is phase 2. The level was fixed by decree on October 30, 2025 and confirmed on November 4, 2025 after the volcanic section of the Commissione Grandi Rischi met.

Two facts belong next to each other here. Yellow has been in force since 2012, and in 2025 it was redefined within an update agreed with INGV and the Campania Region. A level in force since 2012 is a state, not an event.

## What phase 2 actually obliges anyone to do

Phase 2 carries three duties and all of them are administrative: reinforced monitoring, verification of civil protection operational measures, and non structural prevention through training, information and exercises.

None of those is a restriction on visitors, and none of them is a forecast. If you read that a phase has been activated and expect a road closure, you are reading the wrong kind of document.

The activity a visitor sees in the Solfatara area, in the harbor at Pozzuoli, at Baia and around Lake Averno, is the same activity the instruments have been recording since before the level was set.

## Where the current numbers actually live

Monitoring is run by INGV Osservatorio Vesuviano, the Naples section, which publishes 4 products: a monthly surveillance bulletin, a weekly bulletin dedicated to the Campi Flegrei, web bulletins and VONA notices for aviation, all at ov.ingv.it.

That section also watches Vesuvio and Ischia. Nationally, the INGV surveillance service monitors 8 Italian volcanoes: Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei and Ischia from Naples, Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Pantelleria from the Catania Osservatorio Etneo, and Colli Albani from the National Earthquake Observatory.

The division of labor is worth understanding before you read a news story. INGV measures; the Civil Protection Department sets the alert level on the advice of competence centers. A page that quotes one without the other is quoting half the system, and this page is a snapshot of September 2, 2026.

## A caldera, not a cone

The Campi Flegrei are an active caldera, and they have been for more than 110,000 years. The last eruption was in 1538, when Monte Nuovo was formed, and more than 27 eruptions are counted in the last 5,500 years.

Bradyseism, the slow vertical movement of the ground, produced uplift crises in 1970 to 1972 and in 1982 to 1984, reaching up to around 3.5 meters at Pozzuoli, and a steady new uplift has been under way since 2005, put by the Civil Protection Department at over 150 cm.

Ground deformation is what the instruments watch. It is not an automatic precursor of an eruption, and the distinction is the whole subject. There is more on the mechanism at [the ground that breathes](/stories/the-ground-that-breathes).

## The zones are evacuation plans, not risk maps

The national plan places around 500,000 residents inside the red zone, the area of preventive evacuation, and over 800,000 inside the yellow zone exposed to ash fall.

The red zone takes in Pozzuoli, Bacoli, Monte di Procida and Quarto in full, parts of Giugliano in Campania and Marano di Napoli, and Naples districts including Soccavo, Pianura, Bagnoli and Fuorigrotta. The yellow zone adds Villaricca, Calvizzano, Mugnano di Napoli, Melito di Napoli and Casavatore, plus 24 districts of Naples.

Those boundaries exist so that an evacuation could be organized. They describe a planning scenario and say nothing about probability, and reading a zone map as a risk map is the commonest error made with this material. For the practical side of a visit see [Naples](/towns/napoli), [Vesuvio](/nature/vesuvio) and [volcanoes in Italy](/themes/volcanoes).

## FAQ

### What alert level are the Campi Flegrei at right now?

Yellow, with the operational phase set to attention, fixed by a decree of October 30, 2025 and confirmed by the Civil Protection Department on November 4, 2025. Yellow is the second of the 4 national levels and has been in force since 2012.

### Is it safe to visit Pozzuoli and the Campi Flegrei?

The area is open and inhabited under a yellow alert that has stood since 2012. Yellow means a medium disequilibrium of the volcano, not an imminent eruption, and phase 2 duties are administrative: more monitoring, checks on civil protection measures, training and drills.

### What do the four Italian volcano alert levels mean?

Green, yellow, orange, red. Green is ordinary activity and the three above it mark rising stages of disequilibrium towards a possible eruption. National emergency planning exists for 4 volcanoes: Stromboli, Vulcano, Vesuvio and Campi Flegrei.

### Who monitors the Campi Flegrei and where are the bulletins?

INGV Osservatorio Vesuviano, the Naples section, which also covers Vesuvio and Ischia. It publishes 4 products: a monthly surveillance bulletin, a weekly Campi Flegrei bulletin, web bulletins and VONA notices for aviation, all at ov.ingv.it.

### How many people live inside the Campi Flegrei red zone?

Around 500,000. The red zone is the area of preventive evacuation and covers Pozzuoli, Bacoli, Monte di Procida and Quarto entirely, parts of Giugliano in Campania and Marano di Napoli, and several Naples districts. The yellow ash zone holds over 800,000.

## Sources

| Fact | Source | Confidence | Valid until |
|---|---|---|---|
| I Campi Flegrei sono in livello di allerta GIALLO con fase operativa di attenzione: il livello e' stato stabilito con decreto del 30 ottobre 2025 e confermato dal Dipartimento della Protezione Civile il 4 novembre 2025 dopo la riunione della Commissione Grandi Rischi - settore vulcanico. | [Dipartimento della Protezione Civile](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/vulcanico/vulcani-italia/campi-flegrei/); [doc 2](https://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/comunicato-stampa/campi-flegrei-confermata-allerta-gialla-rischio-vulcanico/) | medium | 2027-03-31 |
| I Campi Flegrei sono in livello di allerta giallo con fase operativa di attenzione (fase 2), confermata dal Dipartimento della Protezione Civile il 4 novembre 2025 dopo la Commissione Grandi Rischi. | [Dipartimento della Protezione Civile](https://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/comunicato-stampa/campi-flegrei-confermata-allerta-gialla-rischio-vulcanico/) | medium | 2026-12-31 |
| Il sistema nazionale di allerta vulcanica italiano prevede quattro livelli - verde, giallo, arancione, rosso - dove il verde corrisponde all'attivita' ordinaria del vulcano e i successivi a stadi crescenti di disequilibrio verso una possibile eruzione. | [Dipartimento della Protezione Civile](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/vulcanico/vulcani-italia/etna/); [doc 2](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/vulcanico/vulcani-italia/) | medium | 2029-12-31 |
| Il Servizio di sorveglianza dei vulcani attivi dell'INGV monitora otto vulcani italiani: Vesuvio, Campi Flegrei e Ischia (Sezione di Napoli - Osservatorio Vesuviano), Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano e Pantelleria (Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo), Colli Albani (Osservatorio Nazionale Terremoti). | [INGV](https://www.ingv.it/monitoraggio-e-infrastrutture/sorveglianza/servizio-sorveglianza-vulcani-attivi) | medium | 2028-12-31 |
| Il monitoraggio dei Campi Flegrei e' affidato all'INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano, che pubblica bollettini di sorveglianza mensili, bollettini settimanali dedicati ai Campi Flegrei, bollettini web e comunicazioni VONA per l'aviazione. | [INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano](https://www.ov.ingv.it/index.php/monitoraggio-sismico-e-vulcanico/campi-flegrei) | medium | 2028-12-31 |
| Il piano nazionale per i Campi Flegrei individua una zona rossa (evacuazione preventiva) con circa 500.000 residenti - Pozzuoli, Bacoli, Monte di Procida, Quarto per intero, parte di Giugliano in Campania e Marano di Napoli e diversi quartieri di Napoli - e una zona gialla esposta alla ricaduta di cenere con oltre 800.000 residenti. | [Dipartimento della Protezione Civile](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/vulcanico/vulcani-italia/campi-flegrei/) | medium | 2027-12-31 |
| I Campi Flegrei sono una caldera attiva da oltre 110.000 anni, la cui ultima eruzione risale al 1538 (Monte Nuovo); il bradisismo ha prodotto crisi di sollevamento nel 1970-1972 e nel 1982-1984, con fino a circa 3,5 metri di sollevamento a Pozzuoli, e un nuovo sollevamento costante in corso dal 2005. | [INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano](https://www.ov.ingv.it/index.php/monitoraggio-sismico-e-vulcanico/campi-flegrei); [Dipartimento della Protezione Civile](https://rischi.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/vulcanico/vulcani-italia/campi-flegrei/) | high | 2028-12-31 |

## Image

https://media.myitalia.it/media/nature.campi-flegrei.v2.1600.jpg
Author: Norbert Nagel. License: CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0).
Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Solfatara_-_Pozzuoli_-_Campania_-_Italy_-_July_11th_2013_-_21.jpg

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